Specification Based Testing

First technique that comes under the dynamic testing is the specification based testing

Specification-Based Testing

This type of testing is also known as behavior-based testing or the black box testing because in this testers observes the software as a black-box. In this, the tester is concerned with what the software does not how it is done.

Specification-based testing inhibits both functional and Nonfunctional types of testing.This technique uses the specification of the program as the reference for data selection.

Types of specification-based techniques:

1-Equivalence Partitioning

2-Boundary Value Analysis

3-Decision Tables

4-State Transitioning

Equivalence Partitioning Technique

This is also known as Equivalence Class partitioning or ECP. The agenda behind this technique is to partition a set of test conditions into groups that can be considered the same or equivalence. This helps in reducing the total number of cases to a finite state by covering maximum requirements.

In this one value is picked from each divided class assuming that the output will be same for the others too and if that one condition fails then there is no point in testing others.

Boundary Value Analysis(BVA)

BVA is a black box test design technique based on test cases. This technique is applied to check whether there are any bugs at the boundary of the domain.Thus after using this method we no longer require looking into the center of the inputs.BVA helps in testing the value with both valid and invalid boundary partitions.

Decision Tables

This is a good way if you have to deal with the different combinations of inputs. It is also called Cause-Effect-table. It gives us a systematic way of stating complex business rule which is useful for both testers and developers.Decision tables are the precise and compact way to lead through the complicated logic. It helps the developers to do a better job and lead better relationships with them.

State Transitioning

The state transition is defined as a technique in which changes of input conditions caused the state changes in AUT. in this tester analyzes the behavior of application for various input conditions in a sequence. In this technique, testers provide positive and negative input test values. System and testes are based on this models and any system where a different output for same input is obtained depending on what has happened before is a finite state system.